In the pharyngeal reflex: the sensory limb is mediated predominantly by CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) and the motor limb by CN X (vagus nerve). The CNS receives this message and sends an appropriate response via an efferent motor nerve to effector cells located in the same initial area that can then carry out the appropriate response. It is a reflex in which an environmental stimulus from objects reaching nerves in the back of the throat sends a message via an afferent nerve to the central nervous system. It prevents objects in the oral cavity from entering the throat except as part of normal swallowing and helps prevent choking. It is evoked by touching the roof of the mouth, the back of the tongue, the area around the tonsils, the uvula, and the back of the throat. For additional information visit Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus.The pharyngeal reflex, or gag reflex, or laryngeal spasm, is a reflex contraction of the back of the throat. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited without authorization. Links to other sites are provided for information only - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. Vision changes, such as reduced vision, decreased visual field, sudden vision loss, double vision (diplopia)Ī.D.A.M., Inc. Speech or language difficulties, such as aphasia (a problem understanding or producing words) or dysarthria (a problem making the sounds of words), poor enunciation, poor understanding of speech, difficulty writing, lack of ability to read or understand writing, inability to name objects (anomia).Poor gag reflex, swallowing difficulty, and frequent choking.Loss of coordination or loss of fine motor control (ability to perform complex movements).Not paying attention to your surroundings or a part of the body (neglect).Horner syndrome: small pupil on one side, one-sided eyelid drooping, lack of sweating on one side of the face, and sinking of one eye into its socket.Other examples of focal loss of function include: Sensation changes, including paresthesia (abnormal sensations), numbness, or decreases in sensation.Movement changes, including paralysis, weakness, loss of muscle control, increased muscle tone, loss of muscle tone, or movements a person cannot control (involuntary movements, such as tremor).A focal neurologic problem can affect any of these functions:
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